Novosti
Khirurgii

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Year 2020 Vol. 28 No 3

ONCOLOGY

S.A. LUKYANOV 1, S.V. SERGIYKO 1, S.E. TITOV 2, 3, YU.À. VERYASKINA 2

PROSPECTS OF MOLECULAR GENETIC PANELS USE IN THE PREOPERATIVE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF NODULAR LESIONS OF THE THYROID GLAND

South Ural State Medical University 1, Chelyabinsk,
Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Siberian Branch of RAS 2, Novosibirsk,
JSC ''Vector-Best'' 3, Novosibirsk,
The Russian Federation

Objective. To assess the possibility of a molecular genetic classifier in the preoperative thyroid cancer diagnosis using colored cytological preparations obtained during fine needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodes.
Methods. The results of cytological, histological and molecular genetic studies of patients (n=138) were compared. To conduct a molecular genetic study, colored glasses with cytological material from the thyroid nodes of patients were selected, the preoperative cytological conclusions corresponding to the classification of Bethesda (2017) group IV, V, and VI. All patients were operated on at the Regional Center of the Endocrine Surgery or the Regional Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Clinical Center in Chelyabinsk, where a final histological diagnosis was made. To determine agreement of preoperative cytological and postoperative histological conclusions the specimens were divided into 4 groups: a benign node; a follicular tumor without malignancy markers; papillary cancer; and a follicular tumor with malignancy markers.
Results. In thyroid cancer, the coincidence of the results of the preoperative molecular genetic and postoperative histological studies was found in 53 (94.6%) cases (a true positive result), and a discrepancy – in 10 (7.2%) (a false positive result). In 72 (52.2%) cases in benign tumors, no molecular genetic markers of malignancy were detected (a true negative result), in 3 (2.2%) cases the cancer was missed (a false negative result).
The prognostic value of a positive result of a molecular genetic study was 84.1%, and the prognostic value of a negative result – 96%.
Conclusions. Molecular genetic testing using commonly prepared colored smears can determine accurately the malignant and benign thyroid nodules, thereby it lets improving the quality of pre-operative differential diagnosis of the thyroid nodules and reduce the number of unreasonable operations.

Keywords: thyroid cancer, fine needle aspiration biopsy, molecular genetic study, micro-RNA, Bethesda classification
p. 284-289 of the original issue
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Address for correspondence:
454092, Russian Federation,
Chelyabinsk, Vorovskii str., 64,
South Ural State Medical University,
the Department of General
and Pediatric Surgery,
tel. +7 950 744-45-95,
e-mail: 111lll@mail.ru,
Lukyanov Sergey A.
Information about the authors:
Lukyanov Sergey A., PhD, Assistant, the Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, Russian Federation.
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5559-9872
Sergiyko Sergey V., MD, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of General and Pediatric Surgery, South Ural State Medical University, Chelyabinsk, the Russian Federation.
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6694-9030
Titov Sergei E., PhD, Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biologyof Siberian Branch of RAS, JSC “Vector-Best”, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.
http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9401-5737
Veryaskina Yuliya A., PhD, Researcher of the Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Siberian Branch of RAS Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3799-9407
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