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Year 2009 Vol. 17 No 3

LECTURES, REVIEWS

YU.M. GAIN, V.G. BOGDAN, O.V. POPKOV

ABDOMINAL COMPARTMENT SYNDROME

Since the abdominal cavity represents the closed space, increase of intra-abdominal pressure can produce negative influence on the function of gastrointestinal organs, respiratory, cardiovascular, renal and central nervous systems. Such a condition is determined as the abdominal compartment syndrome and without special treatment can lead to full loss of functional activity of bodies and systems of a patient and his death. Duly decrease in the intra-abdominal hypertension results in reverse development of infringements. The whole group of reasons, posttraumatic and postoperative complication can result in the development of the abdominal compartment syndrome. A clinical picture and physical ways of inspection of the stomach are insufficient for diagnostics of the intra-abdominal hypertension. Measurement of pressure in the abdominal cavity by means of the pressure estimation in the bladder is an exact and simple method which performance is possible in the heaviest patient. Treatment of the abdominal compartment syndrome includes a number of therapeutic actions; in case of their inefficiency early surgical decompression is necessary. Even at duly treatment of the given syndrome the high level of patients’ lethality is marked.

Keywords: abdominal compartment syndrome, intra-abdominal pressure, intra-abdominal hypertension, multiple organ insufficiency
p. 168 - 182 of the original issue
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