Novosti
Khirurgii

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Year 2013 Vol. 21 No 1

HISTORY SURGERY

S.A. SUSHKOU, YU.S. NEBYLITSIN, E.N. REUTSKAYA, A.N. RAK

DIFFICULT PATIENT. WOUND OF PYOTR IVANOVICH BAGRATION. PART II

EE “Vitebsk State Medical University”
The Republic of Belarus

The data about such doctors as Ya.V. Wylie, I.I. Gangart, F.A. Giltebrandt, Ya.I. Govorov, who took part in treatment of P.I. Bagration, are presented in the second part of the article. Studying of their professional activity has shown that they all were qualified physicians with a great personal experience of medical aid rendering in case of combat wounds.
The matters of medical aid organization to the wounded during the war period are also highlighted. The structure and functions of the drainage evacuation system introduced by the Russian army at that period are described. The main principles of this system were considered to be the following statements: rendering the definite prior established volume of medical aid at each stage; differentiation the wounded according to wound severity and determining the place of their treatment; identifying ways of evacuation of the wounded. Many approaches approved firstly during the War of 1812 appeared to be rather progressive and applied in the military field surgery for a long time.
The article concerns the problem of the gunshot wounds treatment in the French and Russian armies. Massive use of artillery by the warring parties resulted in a large number of the wounded with extensive wounds accompanied by the lesions of large vessels, nerves, bones, massive crush of tissues. The wound character predetermined a surgical tactics and an amputation was considered to be primarily a main operation for the French physicians. There wasn’t a single doctrine in the Russian military medicine during the War of 1812. At the same time many Russian surgeons tended to follow a saving treatment technique and try to avoid amputation and performed extremity-saving operations even with a restricted function. The experience of the War of 1812 proved the justification of extremity-saving approach and further the military field medicine continued its development in this direction.

Keywords: history of military field surgery, gunshot wound, Pyotr Ivanovich Bagration, medical aid rendering
p. 3 – 14 of the original issue
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Address for correspondence:
210023, Respublika Belarus, g. Vitebsk, pr. Frunze, d. 27, UO «Vitebskiy gosudarstvennyiy meditsinskiy universitet», kafedra obschey khirurgii,
e-mail: nebylicin.uravgm@mail.ru,
Nebylitsin Yuriy Stanislavovich
Information about the authors:
Sushkou S.A. PhD, associate professor, vice-rector on scientific research work of EE “Vitebsk State Medical University.
Nebylitsin Yu.S. PhD, associate professor of the chair of general surgery of EE “Vitebsk State Medical University”
Reutskaya E.N. A 6-year student of the medical faculty of EE “Vitebsk State Medical University”.
Rak A.N. A 6-year student of the medical faculty of EE “Vitebsk State Medical University”.
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