2012 г. №3 Том 20

ЛЕКЦИИ, ОБЗОРЫ

В.Я. ХРЫЩАHОВИЧ, С.И. ТРЕТЬЯК

СРАВHИТЕЛЬHЫЙ АHАЛИЗ МАТЕРИАЛОВ, ПРИМЕHЯЕМЫХ ДЛЯ ИММУHОИЗОЛЯЦИИ КЛЕТОК ПРИ ТРАHСПЛАHТАЦИИ

УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет», г. Минск,
Республика Беларусь

Основной целью технологии клеточной инкапсуляции является «адресная» доставка синтезированных молекул к органу-мишени. В основе метода лежит принцип клеточной иммуноизоляции: перед трансплантацией донорские клетки помещают в полупроницаемую мембрану, что позволяет защитить их от взаимодействия с иммунной системой реципиента. Подобная мембрана селективно проницаема для транспортировки нутриентов и продуктов клеточной секреции и, в то же время, относительно непроницаема для больших молекул и иммунокомпетентных клеток реципиента. Кроме того, в состав большинства иммуноизолирующих устройств входит внутренняя матрица, которая способствует компактной иммобилизации клеток внутри капсулы. Правильный выбор синтетических материалов и методов их обработки оказывает существенное влияние на эффективность функционирования полупроницаемых мембран и матричных компонентов. Современные иммуноизолирующие устройства позволяют воссоздать естественную трехмерную структуру ткани, поддерживая, таким образом, функциональную активность и жизнеспособность инкапсулированных клеток. В обзоре отражены последние достижения в области производства материалов, которые используются в создании устройств для клеточной инкапсуляции.

Ключевые слова: клетки, микроинкапсуляция, макроинкапсуляция, альгинат-полилизиновые капсулы, трансплантация
с. 100 – 116 оригинального издания
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Адрес для корреспонденции:
220116, Республика Беларусь, г. Минск, пр-т. Дзержинского, д. 83, Белорусский государственный медицинский университет, 2-я кафедра хирургических болезней,
e-mail: vladimirkh77@mail.ru,
Хрыщанович Владимир Янович
Cведения об авторах:
Хрыщанович В.Я., к.м.н., доцент 2-й кафедры хирургических болезней УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет».
Третьяк С.И., д.м.н., профессор, заведующий 2-й кафедрой хирургических болезней УО «Белорусский государственный медицинский университет».
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